Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

20.4K

Obstructive Sleep Apnea in School-Aged Children Presented with Nocturnal Enuresis

Hanaa Shafiek1,2, Melania Evangelisti3, Nashwa Hassan Abd-Elwahab4

  • 1Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, El-Khartoom Square, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt. whitecoat_med@yahoo.com.

Lung
|December 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in children with nocturnal enuresis (NE), particularly those who are obese. Nasal obstruction and specific facial features are key risk factors for OSA in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Childhood Respiratory Disorders
  • Clinical Pediatrics

Background:

  • Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a common condition in school-aged children.
  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a potential underlying cause or contributing factor to NE.
  • Identifying risk factors for OSA in children with NE is crucial for timely diagnosis and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in school-aged children presenting with nocturnal enuresis (NE).
  • To identify potential risk factors associated with OSA in this pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-six children aged 5-16 years with NE were enrolled, excluding those with specific comorbidities.
  • Clinical examinations, Sleep Clinical Record (SCR) scoring, and full-night polysomnograms (PSG) were performed.
  • OSA was defined as an apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) of ≥2 episodes/hour.

Main Results:

  • Of 54 children who underwent PSG, 68.5% were diagnosed with OSA (median AHI 6.1 episodes/h).
  • Obesity was significantly associated with higher AHI (p=0.023).
  • Nasal obstruction, adenoid facies, and high-arched palate were identified as significant risk factors for OSA (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is frequently associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children, especially those who are obese.
  • Clinical indicators such as nasal obstruction, abnormal facial phenotype, and high-arched palate are important risk factors for OSA in children with NE.
  • These findings highlight the importance of screening for OSA in children with NE.
Abstract

Keywords:
Facial phenotypeObesityObstructive apnea/hypopnea indexSleep clinical record

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Traditional Chinese Medicine for Sleep Disorders in Acute COPD &#8212; A Safe, Cost-Effective Approach04:53

Author Spotlight: Traditional Chinese Medicine for Sleep Disorders in Acute COPD — A Safe, Cost-Effective Approach

Published on: October 18, 2024

1.3K
Author Spotlight: Utilizing Traditional Chinese Acupuncture of the Ear to Improve Sleep Disorders05:34

Author Spotlight: Utilizing Traditional Chinese Acupuncture of the Ear to Improve Sleep Disorders

Published on: August 18, 2023

3.2K

Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
417
Nightmares and Night Terrors01:18

Nightmares and Night Terrors

Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares...
375
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
2.6K
Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
436
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
1.2K
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
342