Complement C3 gene polymorphisms are associated with lipid levels, but not the risk of coronary artery disease: a
Gaojun Cai1, Li Li2, Yifei Chen3
1Department of Cardiology, Wujin hospital affiliated with Jiangsu University, the Wujin Clinical college of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213017, China. cgj982@126.com.
Insights
Complement component 3 (C3) levels are higher in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and linked to lipid levels. However, C3 gene variations did not show a direct association with CAD susceptibility in the Chinese population.
Area of Science:
- Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease
- Molecular Biology and Atherosclerosis
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major global health concern.
- Complement component 3 (C3) has been implicated in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between C3 gene tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) and CAD susceptibility.
- To evaluate the relationship between C3 gene variations and lipid levels in the Chinese population.
Main Methods:
- A hospital-based case-control study involving 1017 participants (580 CAD patients, 437 controls).
- Genotyping of C3 tagSNPs using the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction method.
- Analysis of C3 serum levels, lipid profiles, and genotype/haplotype frequencies.
Main Results:
- Serum C3 levels were significantly higher in CAD patients compared to controls.
- C3 levels positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).
- No significant association was found between C3 gene polymorphisms or haplotypes and CAD susceptibility. The T allele of rs2287848 was linked to lower apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) levels in controls.
Conclusions:
- C3 gene polymorphisms are associated with lipid levels, specifically LDL-C and ApoA1.
- C3 gene variations do not appear to influence CAD susceptibility in the studied Chinese population.
- Elevated C3 levels in CAD patients suggest a role in disease pathophysiology, independent of specific gene polymorphisms investigated.
Background:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Previous studies have shown that complement component 3 (C3) is associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors.
Methods:
We conducted this study to evaluate the associations between tagSNPs in the C3 gene locus and the CAD susceptibility and lipid levels in the Chinese population. A hospital-based case-control study, including 1017 subjects (580 CAD patients and 437 non-CAD controls), was conducted. TagSNPs in the C3 gene were searched and genotyped by using the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction method.
Results:
The C3 levels were positively associated with the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (r = 0.269, P = 0.001). Compared with those in controls, the serum C3 levels in CAD patients were significantly higher (Control: 0.94 + 0.14 g/l; CAD: 1.10 + 0.19 g/l, P < 0.001). No significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies were observed between CAD patients and controls. The minor T allele of rs2287848 was associated with low apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) levels in controls (Bonferroni corrected P, Pc = 0.032). Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis established two haplotype blocks (Block1: rs344555-rs2277984, Block 2: rs2287848-rs11672613) and six haplotypes. No significant associations between haplotypes and the risk of CAD were observed (all Pc > 0.05).
Conclusions:
The results revealed that C3 gene polymorphisms were associated with the lipid levels, but not CAD susceptibility in the Chinese population.
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