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Dual-hemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over primary motor cortex does not affect movement

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the primary motor cortex did not alter movement selection in healthy adults. This suggests brain areas upstream of the motor cortex may influence movement choices.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Volition and sense of agency are crucial for internally generated movements.
  • Previous research indicates primary motor cortex stimulation affects volition and movement selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if modulating primary motor cortex excitability with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) influences movement selection.
  • To test the hypothesis that anodal tDCS enhances motor cortical excitability, favoring contralateral hand selection.

Main Methods:

  • 13 healthy adults performed a movement selection task under real/sham tDCS.
  • A C3-C4 dual-hemispheric electrode montage was used to modulate primary motor cortex excitability.
  • Movement selection was assessed in free-choice and externally-cued conditions.

Main Results:

  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) did not significantly alter movement selection at individual or group levels.
  • A consistent preference for the dominant right hand was observed in right-handed participants.
  • Internally generated movements showed longer reaction times than externally triggered movements.

Conclusions:

  • Primary motor cortex excitability modulation via tDCS does not influence movement selection.
  • Brain regions preceding the primary motor cortex in the motor pathway are potential targets for influencing movement selection.
  • Handedness influences movement selection, with a bias towards the dominant limb.