Endoplasmic Reticulum stress in chronic kidney disease. New molecular targets from bench to the bedside

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Cellular Biology
• Molecular Medicine

Background:

• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) lacks effective targeted therapies.
• The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), crucial for protein homeostasis and detoxification, is implicated in CKD pathophysiology.
• Understanding ER stress pathways is vital for advancing CKD treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
• To explore the involvement of ER branches (PERK, IRE1α, ATF6) in renal disease progression.
• To identify potential therapeutic targets within ER pathways for novel CKD treatments.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies.
• Analysis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathways.
• Synthesis of current knowledge on ER function in CKD.

Main Results:

• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a significant factor in CKD development and progression.
• Specific ER branches (PERK, IRE1α, ATF6) play distinct roles in renal pathophysiology.
• Dysregulation of ER-associated protein degradation contributes to CKD.

Conclusions:

• Targeting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pathways presents a promising therapeutic avenue for CKD.
• Further research into ER stress modulation could lead to effective CKD treatments.
• Identifying specific ER biomarkers may aid in early CKD diagnosis and management.