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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
157
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
168
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

183
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
183

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[Special considerations in geriatric anesthesiology : Aspects of perioperative management in older adults].

Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie·2026
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Pain management in the perioperative orthogeriatric setting: Recommendations of the special interest group Orthogeriatrics of the German Geriatrics Society.

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Erratum to: Perioperative fluid management in older trauma patients.

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[Correction: Specific Fasting Requirements for Special Patient Groups].

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Evaluating the implementation process of a multicomponent perioperative intervention for prevention of postoperative functional decline in geriatric patients: a qualitative study.

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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery
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["Emergency anesthesia" in geriatric patients].

Cynthia Olotu1

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Zentrum für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 22051, Hamburg, Deutschland. c.olotu@uke.de.

Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin Und Notfallmedizin
|December 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Anesthesiologic care significantly impacts elderly patients undergoing emergency surgery. Optimizing perioperative management is crucial for improving outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Keywords:
AnesthesiaElderlyEmergency treatmentPerioperative carePostoperative complications

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Anesthesiology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Perioperative Care

Background:

  • Increasing number of elderly patients undergoing emergency surgery.
  • Poor postoperative outcomes in this demographic, despite short-term survival.
  • Need for specialized anesthetic management strategies for older adults in emergencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present key anesthesiologic care aspects for older emergency surgery patients.
  • To synthesize recent literature and guideline recommendations.
  • To highlight the importance of comprehensive perioperative management.

Main Methods:

  • Selective literature review.
  • Inclusion of national and international guidelines.
  • Consideration of meta-analyses and Cochrane reviews.

Main Results:

  • Anesthesiologic care is a critical determinant of perioperative outcomes.
  • Evidence supports tailored anesthetic approaches for elderly emergency surgery patients.
  • Multifaceted perioperative management is essential.

Conclusions:

  • Anesthesiology plays a pivotal role in enhancing perioperative outcomes for elderly emergency surgery patients.
  • Emergency anesthesiology encompasses broader perioperative management, not just anesthesia.
  • Proactive and specialized anesthetic care can improve survival and recovery.