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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children

Published on: August 19, 2020

Ionizing Radiation Exposure in NICU.

G A P Kartikeswar¹, Tushar B Parikh², Dhyey Pandya¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, KEM Hospital, Pune, 411011, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

|December 14, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates receive significantly higher radiation doses from X-rays than very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates. Reducing radiographs and using radiation-free imaging like ultrasound is crucial for neonatal care.

Keywords:

Neonatal intensive care unit Preterm Radiation exposure Safety

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Area of Science:

Neonatal intensive care
Pediatric radiology
Medical physics

Background:

Neonates, particularly those with very low birth weight (VLBW), often require diagnostic imaging.
Ionizing radiation exposure during infancy raises concerns due to potential long-term health risks.
Quantifying radiation doses in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is essential for risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To prospectively assess ionizing radiation exposure in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates.
To compare the number of radiographs and radiation doses between VLBW and ELBW infants.
To highlight the need for radiation dose reduction strategies in neonatal care.

Main Methods:

Prospective study of 107 VLBW neonates admitted to a Level III NICU.
Documentation of the number and indications for X-rays performed.
Calculation of radiation doses received by each neonate.

Main Results:

ELBW neonates underwent significantly more radiographs (7.5 vs. 2; p<0.0001) compared to VLBW neonates.
ELBW neonates received approximately three times higher radiation doses (139.4 μsv vs. 46.6 μsv; p<0.0001).
Seven percent of ELBW neonates exceeded 1 mSv radiation exposure.

Conclusions:

ELBW neonates are exposed to substantially higher levels of ionizing radiation.
The long-term risks of neonatal radiation exposure are not fully understood.
Minimizing radiographs and utilizing radiation-free modalities like point-of-care ultrasound are recommended.