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Related Concept Videos

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IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
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In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in...
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over...
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Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single...
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When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
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Multiple Simultaneous Ranging in IR-UWB Networks.

Shashi Shah1, Tanee Demeechai2

  • 1National Science and Technology Development Agency, Phahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method for wireless indoor localization using impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) technology. The novel approach reduces network congestion by enabling accurate ranging with minimal air time, improving location-based services.

Keywords:
air time occupancyclock offsetrangingtime-of-flighttwo-way rangingultra-wideband

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Computer Science
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Wireless device proliferation necessitates advanced indoor localization solutions.
  • Existing ultra-wideband (UWB) localization methods struggle with network congestion due to extensive signal exchange for accurate range estimation, especially with clock offsets.
  • Clock offsets between devices introduce significant inaccuracies in range estimation for traditional UWB localization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel ranging method for impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) networks that mitigates network congestion.
  • To enhance the accuracy and efficiency of wireless indoor localization by reducing air time occupancy.
  • To maintain robustness against clock offsets in ranging estimations.

Main Methods:

  • Proposes multiple simultaneous ranging techniques leveraging the time difference of reception (TDoR) of packets from distinct sources in IR-UWB networks.
  • Utilizes a property of TDoR to perform ranging with limited signal message exchanges.
  • Focuses on reducing air time occupancy compared to existing ranging methods.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method demonstrates similar robustness to clock offsets as existing techniques.
  • Significantly reduces air time occupancy compared to state-of-the-art ranging methods.
  • Experimental evaluations in line-of-sight environments confirm accurate ranging with minimal air time.

Conclusions:

  • The novel simultaneous ranging method effectively addresses network congestion in IR-UWB localization.
  • Accurate indoor localization is achievable with significantly reduced air time occupancy.
  • This approach offers a more efficient solution for location-based services in dense wireless environments.