p53-Mediated Tumor Suppression: DNA-Damage Response and Alternative Mechanisms

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Consuelo Pitolli1,2, Ying Wang3, Eleonora Candi1,4

  • 1Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy.

Cancers
|December 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The tumor suppressor p53 protein has canonical and non-canonical functions. Non-canonical pathways, beyond DNA damage repair, are crucial for p53

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The tumor suppressor p53 is a key regulator of cellular processes.
  • Canonical DNA damage response pathways are increasingly found to be dispensable for tumor suppression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the canonical and non-canonical functions of p53.
  • To provide an overview of p53's tumor suppressor activity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on p53 functions.
  • Analysis of canonical and non-canonical cellular pathways regulated by p53.

Main Results:

  • p53 regulates cell survival, DNA repair, apoptosis, and senescence via canonical pathways.
  • p53 also influences metabolism, autophagy, cell migration, and invasion through non-canonical pathways.
  • Non-canonical functions may be crucial for p53's tumor suppressor role.

Conclusions:

  • The tumor suppressor activity of p53 extends beyond its canonical DNA damage response.
  • Non-canonical functions of p53, including those in metabolism and cell migration, are critical for its tumor suppressor role.
Keywords:
cancercell deathepigeneticsmetabolism

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