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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Using Digital Image Correlation to Characterize Local Strains on Vascular Tissue Specimens
09:29

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2D-3D Digital Image Correlation Comparative Analysis for Indentation Process.

Carolina Bermudo Gamboa1, Sergio Martín-Béjar1, F Javier Trujillo Vilches1

  • 1Department of Civil, Material and Manufacturing Engineering, EII University of Malaga C/Dr, Ortiz Ramos s/n, E-29071 Malaga, Spain.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Digital Image Correlation (DIC) effectively analyzes material flow during localized forming indentation. While 2D DIC is satisfactory, 3D DIC is necessary to capture material flow under the punch, forming a dead zone.

Keywords:
digital image correlationfinite element methodincremental formingindentation processmaterial flow

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Manufacturing Processes

Background:

  • Localized forming operations are emerging as alternatives to conventional machining.
  • Indentation processes involve small, localized deformations crucial for material behavior analysis.
  • Understanding material flow and forces is essential for controlling these forming operations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare 2D and 3D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) techniques for analyzing material flow in indentation processes.
  • To determine if 3D DIC is mandatory for accurately capturing material flow phenomena.
  • To propose a mixed 2D-3D DIC approach for specific analysis needs.

Main Methods:

  • Application of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) for material flow analysis.
  • Calibration and implementation of both 2D and 3D DIC methodologies.
  • Comparison of DIC results with experimental tests and finite element method (FEM) models.

Main Results:

  • 2D DIC provides satisfactory results, showing good agreement with experimental and FEM data.
  • 3D DIC is required to accurately capture material flow beneath the punch, including dead zone formation.
  • A 2D-3D mixed analysis is proposed for detailed study of specific material flow areas.

Conclusions:

  • 2D DIC is a viable technique for general material flow analysis in indentation.
  • 3D DIC is essential for comprehensive understanding, particularly for dead zone phenomena.
  • A combined 2D-3D DIC approach offers flexibility for detailed investigations in localized forming.