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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI01:21

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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Cardiac T2 * mapping: Techniques and clinical applications.

Pandji Triadyaksa1,2, Matthijs Oudkerk1,3, Paul E Sijens1,4

  • 1University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|December 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Cardiac T2 * mapping is a noninvasive MRI technique for detecting myocardial iron overload in iron storage diseases. This review evaluates quantification methods to improve accuracy for clinical monitoring and treatment.

Keywords:
T2* techniquescardiac T2* mappingcardiac iron overloadmagnetic resonance imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Cardiac T2 * mapping is a noninvasive MRI method to assess myocardial iron accumulation in diseases like hemochromatosis, sickle cell disease, and β-thalassemia major.
  • The technique has evolved with improvements in MR acquisition, artifact reduction, and T2 * quantification, including blood pool signal suppression and scanner/software consistency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare different methods for quantifying cardiac T2 * and generating T2 * maps.
  • To recommend optimal MR acquisition and quantification techniques for reliable myocardial iron overload measurement and follow-up.
  • To discuss the clinical applications and future prospects of cardiac T2 * mapping, including integration with other MRI techniques like T1 mapping.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cardiac T2 * mapping techniques.
  • Analysis of factors influencing T2 * measurement reproducibility and accuracy, including curve-fitting methods and region of interest selection.
  • Comparison of region of interest-based versus pixelwise quantification for spatial iron loading information.

Main Results:

  • Current data processing varies between centers, leading to outcome discrepancies.
  • Pixelwise quantification offers superior spatial iron loading information compared to region of interest-based methods.
  • Proposed improvements include free-breathing acquisition, fast mapping, noise reduction, and automated contour delineation.

Conclusions:

  • Standardization of data processing is crucial for consistent T2 * measurement outcomes.
  • Optimized MR acquisition and quantification methods are essential for reliable assessment of myocardial iron overload.
  • Cardiac T2 * mapping is vital for early detection, monitoring, and guiding treatment of iron overload conditions.