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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
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Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

530
Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review
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Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

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Spontaneous lung herniation after forceful coughing.

Cynthia L Dahlkemper1, W Paul Greissinger1

  • 1Emergency Department, Saint Vincent Hospital, 232 West 25th Street, Erie, PA 16544, USA.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|December 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Spontaneous lung herniation, often caused by forceful coughing, is a rare condition. Surgical repair and lifestyle changes like smoking cessation are recommended for effective management.

Keywords:
Bronchitis complicationsSpontaneous lung herniation

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • General Surgery

Background:

  • Spontaneous lung herniation is an uncommon condition.
  • It is frequently associated with forceful coughing episodes.
  • Risk factors include obesity, male gender, tobacco use, and steroid use.

Observation:

  • Patients may present with increasing herniation size.
  • Pain is a significant symptom requiring management.
  • The condition is rare and often idiopathic or trauma-induced.

Findings:

  • Surgical repair is the recommended treatment for lung hernias.
  • Conservative management focuses on symptom control and risk factor modification.
  • Lifestyle modifications, including smoking cessation, are crucial.

Implications:

  • Early surgical intervention can prevent complications and alleviate pain.
  • Addressing risk factors improves patient outcomes and reduces recurrence.
  • This condition highlights the importance of managing underlying respiratory and lifestyle factors.