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Guidelines for Writing Outcome

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...

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Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation

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Orientation and mobility outcome measures.

Kuo-Yi Jade Chang^1,2, Lisa Lorraine Dillon^2,3, Lil Deverell⁴

¹School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Clinical & Experimental Optometry

|December 16, 2019

Summary

Measuring orientation and mobility (O&M) for visually impaired individuals is complex. This review identifies numerous O&M measures, finding many suitable for clinical use, but emphasizes the need for multiple assessments for a complete picture.

Keywords:

blindness low vision mobility orientation outcome measures visual impairment

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Rehabilitation Science
Human Factors Engineering

Background:

Orientation and Mobility (O&M) significantly impacts the quality of life for individuals with low vision or blindness.
Current methods for measuring O&M performance lack a universally agreed-upon gold standard.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and inventory outcome measures used to assess O&M performance in adults with vision impairment.
To evaluate the appropriateness of these measures for clinical and functional O&M practice.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of recent studies on O&M outcome measures for adults with low vision and blindness.
Analysis of outcome measures based on efficiency, obstacle interaction, navigation accuracy, and self-reporting.
Evaluation of identified measures against criteria including face validity, responsiveness, reliability, and feasibility.

Main Results:

A wide variety of O&M outcome measures are used across different research fields.
Efficiency (time, speed, distance) and obstacle interaction are the most frequently measured aspects.
Approximately half of the reviewed outcome measures demonstrate potential for clinical or functional O&M practice.

Conclusions:

The complex and dynamic nature of O&M necessitates a multifaceted approach to performance assessment.
Multiple outcome measures are essential for a holistic evaluation of an individual's O&M abilities and limitations.
A significant portion of identified measures are suitable for implementation in practical O&M settings.