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Geometrical Matching of SAR and Optical Images Utilizing ASIFT Features for SAR-based Navigation Aided Systems.

Jakub Markiewicz¹, Karol Abratkiewicz², Artur Gromek²

¹Department of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Systems, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|December 18, 2019

Summary

This study introduces a novel method for estimating image shifts and rotations between optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The approach enhances navigation accuracy for platforms relying on inertial navigation systems.

Keywords:

ASIFT Despeckling Filter Iterative Closest Point Navigation SAR Structure from Motion Synthetic Aperture Radar

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Area of Science:

Geomatics Engineering
Remote Sensing
Computer Vision

Background:

Accurate georeferencing is crucial for aerial imaging.
Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) often exhibit significant trajectory drift, especially without satellite navigation signals.
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and optical imagery have different characteristics, complicating direct comparison.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and present a novel approach for estimating shift and rotation between optical orthophotomaps and SAR images.
To enable direct georeferencing error calculation and navigation correction for airborne platforms.
To improve the reliability of navigation systems susceptible to trajectory errors.

Main Methods:

Utilizing Affine Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (ASIFT) for feature matching between optical and SAR images.
Employing Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques to estimate spatial transformations.
Investigating and applying various despeckling filters to enhance SAR image quality.

Main Results:

The proposed method successfully estimates shift and rotation between optical and SAR images.
Direct georeferencing errors can be accurately calculated, allowing for navigation corrections.
The effectiveness of different despeckling filters on the estimation accuracy was analyzed and compared.

Conclusions:

The developed method provides a robust solution for georeferencing airborne SAR imagery against optical references.
This technique is particularly valuable for platforms operating in GPS-denied environments or with INS drift.
Further research into SAR imaging characteristics can lead to enhanced navigation support algorithms.