Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Ketogenesis in vertebrate livers.

J W Phillips1, F J Hird

  • 1Russell Grimwade School of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. B, Comparative Biochemistry
|January 1, 1977
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hyperammonaemia due to ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.

Archives of disease in childhood·2010
Same author

Fluctuations in cosmic radiation at radio-frequencies.

Nature·2010
Same author

Studies on fermentation in rice and barley.

American journal of botany·2010
Same author

Genetic inheritance of gene expression in human cell lines.

American journal of human genetics·2004
Same author

Futile cycles revisited: a markov chain model of simultaneous glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.

Journal of theoretical biology·2002
Same author

A benefit of one's own: older women's entitlement to Social Security retirement.

Social security bulletin·2001
Same journal

RETINOID METABOLISM AND CONVERSION OF RETINOL TO DEHYDRORETINOL IN THE CRAYFISH (<i>PROCAMBARUS CLARKII</i>) RETINA.

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative biochemistry·2015
Same journal

Distribution of taurine and other free amino acids in the visual pathway of the crayfish procambarus clarkii.

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative biochemistry·2013
Same journal

Comparative study of free and membrane-bound acidic beta-D-glucosidase from the hepatopancreas of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus (Crustacea: decapoda).

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative biochemistry·2010
Same journal

Purification and characterization of an alpha-glucosidase from the hepatopancreas of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus (Crustacea: decapoda).

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative biochemistry·2010
Same journal

A neutral beta-galactosidase from the hepatopancreas of the shrimp Penaeus monodon (Crustacea: Decapoda): dimeric and sialyated.

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative biochemistry·2010
Same journal

Purification and properties of a beta-mannosidase from shrimp (Penaeus japonicus) hepatopancreas.

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative biochemistry·2010
See all related articles

This study investigated fatty acid oxidation and ketone body production in various animal livers. Results suggest the acetoacetyl CoA-succinate transferase pathway was an earlier ketogenic mechanism than HMGCoA synthase.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Gluconeogenic organs, like the liver, are hypothesized to utilize fatty acids for ATP production.
  • Such organs are also expected to exhibit ketogenic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate fatty acid oxidation and ketone body production in the livers of diverse animal species.
  • To compare the roles of different enzymatic pathways in ketogenesis across species.

Main Methods:

  • Measurement of respiratory quotients (RQ) in liver slices.
  • Assay of ketone body production from butyrate.
  • Enzymatic analysis of HMGCoA synthase and acetoacetyl CoA-succinate transferase activities in liver homogenates.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Liver slices from all species exhibited respiratory quotients near 0.74, indicating fatty acid oxidation.
  • Ketone bodies were produced by most livers and detected in all blood samples.
  • Acetoacetyl CoA-succinate transferase was abundant in lower vertebrates (trout, eel), while HMGCoA synthase was present in higher vertebrates (rat, lizard).

Conclusions:

  • The acetoacetyl CoA-succinate transferase pathway appears to be an ancestral ketogenic mechanism.
  • The HMGCoA synthase pathway likely evolved later in vertebrate evolution.