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Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (uTGF-β1) and Prevalent CKD Risk in HIV-Positive Patients in West Africa

Udeme E Ekrikpo1,2, Cecilia N Okuku3, Samuel O Ajayi4

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Kidney International Reports
|December 18, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Urinary transforming growth factor-β1 (uTGF-β1) is elevated in HIV-positive individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Higher uTGF-β1 levels correlate with CKD severity and proteinuria, particularly in early stages.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant concern in the HIV-infected population.
  • Understanding biomarkers for CKD in HIV is crucial for early detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between urinary transforming growth factor-β1 (uTGF-β1) and prevalent CKD in HIV-positive individuals.
  • To explore the relationship between uTGF-β1 and CKD severity, proteinuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study comparing HIV-positive patients with and without CKD, excluding those with hypertension, diabetes, or hepatitis.
  • Measurements included urinary protein-creatinine ratio (uPCR), serum TGF-β1, and uTGF-β1.
  • Statistical analyses involved Spearman correlation, Cuzick trend test, and multivariable robust linear regression.

Main Results:

  • Median urinary TGF-β1-creatinine ratio (uTGF-β1Cr) was significantly higher in HIV-positive patients with CKD (HIV+CKD+) compared to those without (HIV+CKD-).
  • uTGF-β1Cr correlated positively with age, uPCR, and negatively with eGFR in the HIV+CKD+ group.
  • A gradual reduction in median uTGF-β1Cr was observed with increasing CKD severity, and proteinuria explained changes in eGFR associated with uTGF-β1Cr.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-positive patients with CKD exhibit elevated uTGF-β1 levels, particularly in the earlier stages of the disease.
  • Proteinuria appears to be a key factor linking uTGF-β1 levels to kidney function decline in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
CKDHIVNigeriaurinary TGF-β1

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