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Hearing Impairment Increases Communication Effort During Conversations in Noise
Timothy Beechey1,2, Jörg M Buchholz1,3, Gitte Keidser1,4
1The Hearing Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|December 18, 2019
Summary
Talkers adjust speech in noise based on a partner's hearing ability, demonstrating a dynamic communication effort. This study reveals how speech changes to aid understanding in challenging acoustic environments.
Area of Science:
- Audiology
- Speech Science
- Communication Sciences
Background:
- Understanding speech in noisy environments is challenging, especially for individuals with hearing impairment.
- Existing theories focus on listening effort, but less is known about interactive communication effort.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe speech modifications by talkers based on their partner's hearing impairment during conversations in noise.
- To propose an explanation for these modifications using a generalized concept of communication effort.
Main Methods:
- Pairs of normal-hearing and hearing-impaired participants engaged in naturalistic conversations.
- Conversations occurred in five realistic acoustic environments with varying noise levels.
- Speech modifications (level, spectrum) were analyzed in relation to environmental acoustics and partner's hearing status.
Main Results:
- Talkers produced speech modifications in a gradient manner, influenced by both noise and the degree of their partner's hearing impairment.
- Communication was maintained across all conditions, irrespective of hearing impairment or noise.
- Normal-hearing talkers' speech modifications appeared to compensate for their partner's hearing loss, unlike hearing-impaired talkers.
Conclusions:
- Speech modifications reflect a dynamic feedback system within communication, supporting the concept of 'communication effort'.
- Findings offer insights into realistic speech signals encountered by individuals with hearing impairment in daily life.
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