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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

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Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
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Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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Traumatic Kidney Injury: An Observational Descriptive Study.

Sherwan Khoschnau1, Gaby Jabbour1, Ammar Al-Hassani1

  • 1Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha, Qatar.

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|December 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Traumatic kidney injury (TKI) is common in trauma patients, often resulting from vehicle crashes. Most TKIs, even severe ones, can be managed non-surgically, with a multidisciplinary approach improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
InjuryKidneyRenal injuryTrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Urology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Trauma is a leading global cause of death and disability.
  • Renal injuries constitute 8-10% of all abdominal trauma cases.
  • Understanding traumatic kidney injury (TKI) is crucial for effective trauma care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of TKI.
  • To describe the clinical presentation of TKI.
  • To outline the management strategies for TKI at a Level 1 trauma center.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients admitted with TKI.
  • Data collected from January 2014 to December 2017.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients with traumatic kidney injury.

Main Results:

  • 152 patients with blunt renal trauma were identified.
  • Motor vehicle crashes were the most common cause (68%).
  • 93% of patients were managed conservatively, including high-grade injuries; 11% mortality rate.

Conclusions:

  • High-grade renal injuries in stable patients can be treated non-surgically.
  • A coordinated multidisciplinary approach is key for optimal TKI patient care.
  • Trauma, urology, and radiology services collaboration enhances TKI management.