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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Optokinetic Response As Structural and Functional Visual System Readouts in Mice and Rats
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Optical Coherence Tomography in Multiple Sclerosis.

Jennifer S Graves1

  • 1Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) visualizes retinal changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) by imaging neural structures. This technology aids in diagnosing demyelinating diseases and tracking treatment effectiveness.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Optics

Background:

  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) emerged from advancements in ultrafast optics and fiber optics.
  • OCT uses light echoes to image tissue structures, similar to how ultrasound uses sound echoes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the impact of OCT in multiple sclerosis (MS) research.
  • To demonstrate OCT's utility in visualizing retinal neural structures and assessing neuronal loss.

Main Methods:

  • OCT imaging of retinal structures, including myelin-free axon segments and retinal ganglion cells.
  • Correlation of OCT structural measurements with functional assessments of the visual system.

Main Results:

  • OCT enables direct imaging of retinal neural damage in MS patients.
  • OCT facilitates differentiation between various demyelinating diseases like MS and neuromyelitis optica.
  • OCT provides reliable outcome measures for neuroprotection and remyelination clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • OCT is a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring demyelinating diseases affecting the central nervous system.
  • OCT significantly enhances the understanding of neurodegeneration in conditions like MS by correlating structural and functional data.