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Ancient gene drives: an evolutionary paradox.

T A R Price1, R Verspoor1, N Wedell2

  • 1Institution for Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK.

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|December 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Selfish genetic elements, like segregation distorters, can persist at stable frequencies without evolving suppression. This study explores factors maintaining ancient gene drive systems, using Drosophila pseudoobscura as a model.

Keywords:
Drosophila pseudoobscurameiotic drivepolyandrypolymorphismselfish genesperm competition

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics
  • Population dynamics

Background:

  • Selfish genetic elements (SGEs) can distort inheritance, posing evolutionary challenges.
  • Segregation distorters are predicted to either fix or drive the evolution of genetic suppression.
  • Some SGEs, however, persist at stable frequencies without suppression, a major evolutionary paradox.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary paradox of SGEs persisting at stable frequencies.
  • To explore factors contributing to the long-term maintenance of gene drive systems.
  • To understand why genetic suppression has not evolved in certain ancient drivers, using Drosophila pseudoobscura.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on the ancient sex-ratio driver in Drosophila pseudoobscura.
  • Analysis of factors potentially explaining stable frequencies of gene drive.
  • Exploration of reasons for the absence of suppression evolution in specific systems.

Main Results:

  • The study addresses the evolutionary mystery of stable gene drive frequencies.
  • It discusses potential solutions for the lack of suppression evolution in ancient drivers.
  • It speculates on functional and evolutionary distinctions between ancient and young drive systems.

Conclusions:

  • Stable frequencies of gene drive systems can be maintained through various evolutionary factors.
  • The absence of suppression evolution in ancient drivers may indicate unique mechanisms.
  • Ancient drivers might represent distinct evolutionary trajectories compared to newer gene drive systems.