Corneal alteration and pathogenesis in diabetes mellitus
Han Zhao1,2, Yan He1,2, Yue-Rong Ren1,2
1Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China.
International Journal of Ophthalmology
|December 19, 2019
Summary
Diabetes mellitus causes diabetic keratopathy, affecting corneal healing and sensitivity. Corneal nerve changes may signal early diabetes, offering new diagnostic and treatment targets.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Endocrinology
- Diabetology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) incidence and complications are rising globally.
- Diabetic keratopathy, a major corneal complication, involves delayed healing, reduced sensitivity, and ulcers.
- Hyperglycemia is linked to diabetic keratopathy, affecting various corneal components.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on corneal alterations in DM.
- To explore the molecular pathogenesis of hyperglycemia-induced corneal damage.
- To identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diabetic keratopathy.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on diabetic keratopathy.
- Analysis of studies investigating corneal changes in hyperglycemia.
- Examination of research on corneal nerve alterations using in vivo confocal microscopy.
Main Results:
- Hyperglycemia significantly impacts corneal structure and function.
- Diabetic nerve alterations, particularly in the corneal nerve plexus, are associated with DM.
- Corneal nerve abnormalities show potential as early biomarkers for diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Understanding hyperglycemia's role in corneal pathogenesis is crucial.
- Corneal nerve alterations may serve as novel biomarkers for early DM detection.
- Further research can lead to new therapeutic strategies for diabetic eye complications.
Keywords:
advanced glycation end productsdiabetes mellitusdiabetic keratopathydiabetic neuropathyin vivo confocal microscopyMore Related Videos
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