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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Overcoming Anti-VEGF Resistance Through Advanced Vascular Morphology Assessment in Choroidal Neovascularization
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LncRNAs in ocular neovascularizations.

Yacouba Cissé1, Lang Bai1, Min-Ting Chen1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China.

International Journal of Ophthalmology
|December 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly implicated in eye diseases like ocular neovascularization (NV). This review explores their role in preventing blindness and highlights their potential for early detection and treatment strategies.

Keywords:
geneticsglaucomalong non-coding RNAneovascularization

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Increasing global prevalence of eye diseases, including those causing blindness.
  • Ocular neovascularization (NV) is a primary driver of vision loss.
  • Genetic factors and novel regulatory molecules like long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in eye disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the regulation and characteristics of lncRNAs.
  • To summarize current research on lncRNAs in ocular NV.
  • To discuss the potential implications of lncRNAs in the development of ocular NV.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on lncRNAs and ocular neovascularization.
  • Analysis of genetic studies related to eye diseases.
  • Synthesis of findings on lncRNA regulation and function in ocular tissues.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs are novel regulatory molecules with potential roles in various biological processes and diseases.
  • Specific gene mutations are linked to eye diseases.
  • The precise pathways through which lncRNAs contribute to corneal, choroidal, and retinal NV are under investigation.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent a promising area of research for understanding and potentially treating ocular neovascularization.
  • Further elucidation of lncRNA mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
  • Early detection and intervention strategies for blinding eye diseases may benefit from lncRNA research.