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Periodontal therapeutics: Current host-modulation agents and future directions
1Department of Oral Biology & Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
Periodontology 2000
|December 19, 2019
Summary
Host-modulation therapy, targeting matrix metalloproteinases, offers a promising new approach to managing periodontal disease and related inflammatory conditions. Novel compounds like chemically modified curcumins show significant potential in preclinical studies.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Pharmacology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Periodontitis, initially viewed as an infectious disease, is now understood to involve host-response mechanisms that mediate tissue destruction.
- Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in the collagenolytic breakdown of periodontal tissues.
- Host-modulation therapy emerged, recognizing that certain drugs, like tetracyclines, inhibit MMPs through non-antimicrobial mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the development and efficacy of novel host-modulation compounds for periodontitis and other inflammatory diseases.
- To investigate the potential of chemically modified tetracyclines and curcumins as MMP inhibitors.
Main Methods:
- Review of findings on tetracycline antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in periodontitis.
- Development of novel nonantimicrobial tetracycline formulations (e.g., Periostat®, Oracea®) and chemically modified curcumins.
- Preclinical evaluation of a lead compound, chemically modified curcumin 2.24, in various disease models.
Main Results:
- Tetracyclines inhibit periodontal breakdown by targeting host-derived MMPs.
- Chemically modified tetracyclines and curcumins demonstrate potential as MMP inhibitors.
- Chemically modified curcumin 2.24 showed safety and efficacy in vitro and in vivo animal models.
Conclusions:
- Novel host-modulation compounds show promise as adjuncts to traditional periodontal therapy.
- These agents may reduce systemic complications associated with inflammatory and collagenolytic diseases.
- Oracea® is recognized for treating inflammatory dermatologic conditions, highlighting the broader application of this therapeutic strategy.
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