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Switching Anionic and Cationic Semipermeability in Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile: A pH-Tunable Ionic

Luthando Tshwenya¹, Frank Marken², Klaus Mathwig³

¹Department of Chemical Sciences Formerly known as the Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg , Doornfontein 2028 , South Africa.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|December 19, 2019

Summary

Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (phPAN) acts as a pH-switchable membrane, enabling tunable anion or cation conductivity. This pH-switchable semipermeability also alters ionic current rectification, useful for monitoring membrane performance.

Keywords:

double layer ion channel ion gating ionic rectifier membrane polyacrylonitrile steady state voltammetry

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Semipermeable membranes are crucial for electrochemical and nanofluidic separation.
Developing tunable membranes for selective ion transport is an ongoing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate partially hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (phPAN) as a pH-switchable ion-conductive membrane.
To explore the relationship between pH-dependent semipermeability and ionic current rectification.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of phPAN membranes on polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) microholes.
Electrochemical characterization using voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and impedance spectroscopy.
Computational modeling to validate experimental observations.

Main Results:

phPAN exhibits pH-switchable anion and cation semipermeability, with a zeta potential around pH 3.1.
Ionic current rectification direction switches with semipermeability changes.
High rectification effects observed for both cations (pH > 3.1) and anions (pH < 3.1) at low ionic strengths.

Conclusions:

phPAN serves as a pH-tunable ion-selective membrane material.
Ionic current rectification can be utilized to monitor and characterize membrane semipermeability.
The findings offer potential for advanced separation and purification technologies.