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Related Concept Videos

Capillaries and Their Types01:20

Capillaries and Their Types

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Capillaries, a crucial constituent of the circulatory system, are diminutive vessels with a diameter between 5–10 micrometers, accommodating perfusion to the tissues through the phenomenon known as microcirculation. Through their permeable walls, consisting of an endothelial layer ensconced by a basement membrane and sporadically dispersed smooth muscle fibers, the exchange of substances between the blood and the interstitial fluid becomes plausible. Variance in wall composition exists,...
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Autoregulation of Blood Flow01:17

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Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Capillary Beds01:20

Capillary Beds

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Capillary beds are networks of tiny blood vessels that play a crucial role in the circulatory system. These beds are where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between the blood and surrounding tissues. Each capillary bed consists of numerous capillaries, which are the smallest blood vessels in the body, typically only one cell-thick. This thinness allows for the efficient diffusion of substances.
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Anatomy of the Circulatory System02:03

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The human circulatory system consists of blood, blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, around the body, and back to the heart, and the heart itself, which acts as a central pump. The systemic circuit supplies blood to the whole body, the coronary circuit supplies blood to the heart, and the pulmonary circuit supplies blood flow between the heart and lungs.
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Microcirculation: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Application.

Goksel Guven1, Matthias P Hilty1, Can Ince2

  • 1Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Blood Purification
|December 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study highlights the microcirculation

Keywords:
Incident dark field imagingMicrocirculationSepsisShockSidestream dark field imagingTissue red blood cell perfusion

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The microcirculation is crucial for oxygen transport and homeostasis.
  • Understanding circulatory compromise in shock and renal failure is vital.
  • The microcirculation is a key target organ in critical illness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological role of microcirculation.
  • To discuss its importance in shock and renal compromise.
  • To highlight advancements in microcirculation monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physiological components of microcirculation.
  • Introduction and validation of hand-held vital microscopes (HVM).
  • Development of automatic analysis software (MicroTools) for HVM imaging.

Main Results:

  • HVM technology reveals the microcirculation's central role in critical illness.
  • MicroTools enables point-of-care, instant analysis of microcirculatory parameters.
  • Functional microcirculatory data can guide targeted resuscitation.

Conclusions:

  • The microcirculation is a critical target organ in critical illness.
  • Advancements in HVM and MicroTools facilitate bedside monitoring.
  • Real-time microcirculatory data supports targeted resuscitation strategies.