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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

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Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
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Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

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Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Use of Ultra-high Field MRI in Small Rodent Models of Polycystic Kidney Disease for In Vivo Phenotyping and Drug Monitoring
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ADPKD current management and ongoing trials.

Francesca Testa1, Riccardo Magistroni2,3

  • 1UOC Divisione di Nefrologia Dialisi e Trapianto, AOU Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy.

Journal of Nephrology
|December 20, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) treatments are advancing, with the first drug slowing progression now available. Continued research offers hope for better therapies for this common kidney disease.

Keywords:
ADPKDClinical trialRenal volumeSomatostatinTolvaptan

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a leading cause of kidney failure, impacting over 32,000 individuals in Italy and incurring significant healthcare costs.
  • Dialysis treatment for ADPKD patients in Italy costs an estimated 87 million euros annually, highlighting the economic burden of the disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advanced stage (Phase 2 and 3) clinical trials for ADPKD treatments.
  • To categorize studies based on molecular pathways or therapeutic strategies.
  • To assess the current landscape and future prospects of ADPKD drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on clinical trials, particularly Phase 2 and 3 studies.
  • Grouped studies by the molecular targets or therapeutic approaches of experimental drugs.
  • Synthesized findings from over a decade of ADPKD clinical research.

Main Results:

  • The first drug, Tolvaptan, has been approved for slowing ADPKD progression, marking a significant milestone.
  • Tolvaptan's availability is tempered by notable side effects and high costs.
  • Numerous basic research activities and ongoing clinical trials indicate a promising future for ADPKD therapeutics.

Conclusions:

  • While Tolvaptan represents progress, it is the beginning of a therapeutic journey, not the end goal.
  • The high cost and side effects of current treatments necessitate the development of more effective and safer alternatives.
  • Ongoing research and a robust pipeline of clinical trials offer optimism for improved ADPKD management.