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Related Concept Videos

Measurement of Air Content in Concrete01:23

Measurement of Air Content in Concrete

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Air content measurement in concrete is critical for ensuring structural integrity and durability of concrete structures, especially in environments prone to severe weather conditions. Accurate air content analysis optimizes concrete's resistance to freeze-thaw cycles and enhances its workability and strength. Several methods are standardized under ASTM guidelines to measure the air content in fresh concrete, each suitable for different concrete types and conditions.
The pressure method,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Sub-23 Nanometer Real Driving Particle Number Emissions Using the Portable DownToTen Sampling System
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[Measuring the Condensable Particle Matter from a Stationary Source].

Jing-Kun Jiang1,2, Jian-Guo Deng1, Gang Wang1

  • 1School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Huan Jing Ke Xue= Huanjing Kexue
|December 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Condensable particle matter (CPM) emissions are increasingly important as filterable particle matter decreases. The indirect dilution method accurately measures CPM from industrial sources, unlike the US EPA method 202 which overestimates levels.

Keywords:
PM2.5condensable particle matter (CPM)dilution methoddry impinger methodstationary source

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Industrial Emissions

Context:

  • Ultra-low emission controls are reducing filterable particle matter (FPM) from coal and steel plants.
  • Condensable particle matter (CPM) is gaining attention due to limited understanding of its emission concentration and chemical characteristics.
  • China currently lacks a standard method for determining CPM.

Purpose:

  • To compare three methods for measuring CPM emissions: dry impinger method (US EPA method 202), indirect dilution, and direct dilution.
  • To evaluate these methods for coal-fired power plants, coke-making plants, and sintering plants.
  • To identify a reliable method for CPM determination in China.

Summary:

  • The US EPA method 202 overestimates CPM because gaseous HCl or SO2 dissolve into the sample and are not fully removed by N2 purging.
  • The indirect dilution method provides a more accurate representation of actual CPM emissions into the atmosphere.
  • Direct dilution method was also evaluated.

Impact:

  • Provides a more accurate method for assessing CPM emissions from major industrial sources.
  • Informs the development of national standards for CPM determination in China.
  • Contributes to better air quality management and pollution control strategies.