Interchanging Breast Pump Kit Brands Alters Breast Pump Suction Pressure

Postpartum mothers express and store breast milk using a hospital-grade pump and manufacturer-specific kit (flanges, bottles, tubing, valves, and membranes). After hospital discharge, mothers may attempt to interchange kits from different manufacturers. The objective of this study is to determine whether pump performance is affected by the use of a different manufacturer's kit. Suction pressure was tested using kits and six pumps from three manufacturers (Ameda, Medela, and Spectra). Pump settings (speed and vacuum strength) simulated maximum, minimum, and commonly used median settings. Suction pressure (mmHg) was measured using an analog gauge and repeated six times for each pump-kit combination. Measurements were compared using repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to determine whether kit was an independent predictor of suction pressure. The kit type was a significant independent predictor (p < 0.05) of suction pressure for all at medium vacuum strength and many at maximum and minimum vacuum strengths. Upon further analysis interchanging kits resulted in both significantly increased and decreased suction pressures compared to the manufacturer-specific kit. Breast pump kits generate variable suction pressures when interchanged between pumps from different manufacturers. Interchanging combinations of kits and breast pumps could potentially lead to low milk expression due to ineffective suction pressure or increased discomfort from excessive pressure. The results of this study emphasize the importance of maternal education regarding the use of manufacturer-specific kits and breast pumps.