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Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Related Experiment Video

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Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
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Individual Differences in Lexical Access Among Cochlear Implant Users.

Leanne Nagels1,2, Roelien Bastiaanse2,3, Deniz Başkent1,4

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|December 20, 2019
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Summary

Cochlear implant (CI) users

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Speech Processing
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Cochlear implants (CI) are vital for hearing restoration but processing continuous speech remains challenging.
  • Individual differences in speech perception significantly impact CI users' daily communication.
  • Understanding lexical access strategies is crucial for optimizing CI rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between sensitivity to word-nonword differences and reliance on sentential context in CI users.
  • To explore how individual variability in lexical processing affects speech comprehension in CI users.
  • To compare CI users' speech processing strategies with those of normal-hearing (NH) individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Auditory lexical decision task (Experiment 1) to assess lexical statistics reliance.
  • Visual-world paradigm task (Experiment 2) to examine sentential context effects on lexical access.
  • Analysis of individual differences in word-nonword sensitivity and clinical speech perception scores.

Main Results:

  • CI users showed lower accuracy and longer reaction times, especially for nonwords, compared to NH listeners.
  • Individual CI users exhibited significant variability in lexical competition patterns.
  • Word-nonword sensitivity predicted reliance on sentential context, while speech perception scores predicted competition with phonologically related words.

Conclusions:

  • CI users exhibit both quantitative and qualitative differences in speech processing strategies compared to NH listeners.
  • Individual differences in word-nonword sensitivity are key to understanding variability in lexical access for CI users.
  • Assessing individual variability, beyond group averages, is essential for effective CI clinical rehabilitation.