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Dissipation-induced structural instability and chiral dynamics in a quantum gas.

Nishant Dogra1, Manuele Landini1, Katrin Kroeger1

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Researchers observed a chiral nonstationary state in a synthetic many-body system. This state, arising from controlled unitary and dissipative couplings in a spinor Bose gas, relates to positional instability.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Atomic physics
  • Many-body systems

Background:

  • Many-body systems evolve via dissipative and unitary processes.
  • The interplay of these processes can cause dynamical phase transitions and instabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To observe and characterize a nonstationary chiral state in a synthetic many-body system.
  • To investigate the role of independently controllable unitary and dissipative couplings.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment using a spinor Bose gas interacting with an optical resonator.
  • Utilizing orthogonal quadratures of the resonator field for coherent coupling.
  • Employing resonator losses for dissipative coupling between atomic spatial modes.

Main Results:

  • Observation of a nonstationary state with chiral characteristics.
  • Demonstration of independently controllable unitary and dissipative couplings.
  • In a regime of dominant dissipation, chiral evolution was observed and linked to positional instability.

Conclusions:

  • Synthetic many-body systems offer a platform to study complex quantum phenomena.
  • Controllable dissipation can drive chiral dynamics and instabilities in quantum systems.