Solid-state Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions: olefin-accelerated C-C coupling using mechanochemistry

Area of Science:

• Organic Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Catalysis

Background:

• Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling is vital for C-C bond formation in solution.
• Solid-state cross-coupling reactions are less explored and present challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a broadly applicable mechanochemical protocol for solid-state Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling.
• To investigate the role of olefin additives in facilitating these reactions.

Main Methods:

• Mechanochemical synthesis using ball milling.
• Palladium-catalyzed organoboron cross-coupling.
• Inclusion of olefin additives.

Main Results:

• A novel, broadly applicable solid-state protocol was established.
• The protocol demonstrated a significantly broadened substrate scope compared to previous methods.
• Mechanistic insights suggest olefin additives stabilize palladium nanoparticles and active species.

Conclusions:

• The developed mechanochemical protocol enables efficient solid-state Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling.
• Olefin additives are crucial for catalyst dispersion and stabilization, overcoming limitations in solid-state reactions.