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Altercasting is a strategic communication technique in which an individual imposes a specific identity or social role onto another person to influence their behavior and shape the interaction. By presuming a role—such as “responsible leader” or “patient person”—altercasting encourages the target to conform to that identity, often aligning their behavior with the expectations associated with the role. The power of this tactic lies in its subtlety; once a role...
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Contextual Integration in Multiparty Audience Design.

Si On Yoon1,2, Sarah Brown-Schmidt3

  • 1Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois.

Cognitive Science
|December 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Speakers adapt their language for multiple listeners by considering each person's unique knowledge and physical context. This audience design process integrates diverse perspectives for effective communication in multiparty conversations.

Keywords:
Audience designCommon groundLanguage productionMultiparty conversationReference

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Linguistics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Multiparty conversations are common, yet how speakers adapt language for multiple listeners is poorly understood.
  • Previous research shows speakers accommodate addressee knowledge, but combining different perspectives remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if speakers encode and integrate multiple addressees' knowledge and physical context during referential language design.
  • To test the audience design process in three-party conversations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of referential form, including expression length, disfluency, and elaboration rate.
  • Observing interactive multiparty conversations.

Main Results:

  • Speakers adjust utterance design based on both addressee knowledge and physical context.
  • Evidence supports a knowledge-scene integration view of audience design.

Conclusions:

  • Speakers simultaneously consider multiple addressees' perspectives, integrating their knowledge and context.
  • Audience design involves combining representations of multiple addressees' viewpoints to shape utterance content.