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Related Concept Videos

Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

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Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
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Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation01:29

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In a cardiovascular examination, inspection and palpation are crucial for identifying abnormalities.
Abnormal findings observed during an inspection
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Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

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Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
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Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation01:31

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In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
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Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation01:25

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Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
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Pneumothorax-I01:26

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
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Echocardiographic Assessment Using Subxiphoid-Only Examination for Hypotensive Patients
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Ecchordosis physaliphora: a cautionary tale.

C Georgalas1,2, D Terzakis1, M Tsikna1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece.

The Journal of Laryngology and Otology
|December 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ecchordosis physaliphora, a rare notochordal remnant, can cause cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Surgical repair using endoscopic techniques effectively resolved symptoms in three patients.

Keywords:
Cerebrospinal FluidCerebrospinal Fluid RhinorrhoeaMeningitisNotochord

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Pathology
  • Congenital Disorders

Background:

  • Ecchordosis physaliphora is a rare congenital benign lesion from notochordal remnants.
  • It most commonly occurs at the clivus and sacrum, posing diagnostic and treatment challenges.
  • Only twenty-six cases have been documented in existing literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report three novel cases of ecchordosis physaliphora.
  • To highlight the association with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea and meningitis.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of endoscopic surgical intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of three previously undiagnosed cases.
  • Presentation of symptoms including cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea and meningitis.
  • Surgical treatment via endoscopic transclival or transsphenoid approaches.

Main Results:

  • All three patients presented with undiagnosed ecchordosis physaliphora.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea and meningitis were presenting symptoms.
  • Complete symptom resolution was achieved in all cases post-surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Endoscopic surgery is an effective treatment for ecchordosis physaliphora.
  • A three-layer reconstruction technique (fat, fascia, nasoseptal flap) ensures successful outcomes.
  • Early diagnosis and surgical intervention can prevent serious complications like meningitis.