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In Vitro Assay to Measure Phosphatidylethanolamine Methyltransferase Activity
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[Phosphatidylethanol blood analysis].

Florian Hakim1, Jean-François Wiart2, Olivier Ménard3

  • 1CHU Lille, Unité fonctionnelle de toxicologie, LilleFrance, Université Lille, EA 4483 - IMPECS - Impact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé humaine, LilleFrance.

Annales De Biologie Clinique
|December 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The phosphatidylethanol (PEth) blood test offers an extended detection window for alcohol consumption, aiding in alcohol-related disorder diagnosis and monitoring. Further research is needed to standardize interpretation and cut-offs for this valuable biomarker.

Keywords:
alcohol dependenceclinical applicationsdried blood spot (DBS)mass spectrometryphosphatidylethanol

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Area of Science:

  • Biomarkers
  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a direct biomarker of ethanol intake.
  • PEth 16:0/18:1 is the most abundant of the nearly 50 PEth counterparts.
  • It offers a longer detection window for alcohol consumption compared to other biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of the phosphatidylethanol (PEth) blood test in detecting ethanol consumption.
  • To review analytical methods, interpretation data, applications, and future prospects of PEth biomarker.
  • To discuss the utility of PEth in managing alcohol-related disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current analytical methods for PEth detection.
  • Analysis of existing data on PEth interpretation and clinical applications.
  • Discussion of PEth's elimination half-life and detection window.

Main Results:

  • PEth has a blood elimination half-life of approximately 5 days, estimating alcohol consumption over 21–28 days.
  • Current routine applications include detecting alcohol use disorders and monitoring withdrawal, often combined with urinary ethylglucuronide.
  • PEth is also used in liver transplantation contexts (pre- and post-transplant).

Conclusions:

  • PEth is a valuable biomarker for assessing alcohol consumption and managing alcohol-related disorders.
  • Standardization of interpretation and establishment of consensus cut-offs for blood PEth concentrations are necessary.
  • Further research is required to optimize the clinical utility of PEth testing.