Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

MO Theory and Covalent Bonding02:40

MO Theory and Covalent Bonding

13.4K
The molecular orbital theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in a manner similar to the distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals. The region of space in which a valence electron in a molecule is likely to be found is called a molecular orbital. Mathematically, the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) generates molecular orbitals. Combinations of in-phase atomic orbital wave functions result in regions with a high probability of electron density, while...
13.4K
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate02:55

Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate

88.2K
The Collision Theory
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
88.2K
Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis01:46

Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis

12.6K
In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
12.6K
Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns01:29

Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns

1.1K
Microorganisms exhibit diverse oxygen requirements and growth patterns driven by their metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations. Oxygen, while essential for many organisms, can also be toxic under certain conditions, shaping how microorganisms grow and survive.Oxygen Requirements of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms are classified based on their ability to use or tolerate oxygen:● Obligate aerobes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis need oxygen for energy production, as it serves as the...
1.1K
The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

12.8K
The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
12.8K
Molecular Orbital Theory II03:51

Molecular Orbital Theory II

26.5K
Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
26.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Challenges and prospects for malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion.

Acta tropica·2011
Same author

[Optimization of extraction procedure of tongmai granules by orthogonal design with pharmacodynamic index].

Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica·2011
Same author

Determinants of postoperative corneal edema and impact on goldmann intraocular pressure.

Cornea·2011
Same author

Z-palatopharyngoplasty plus genioglossus advancement and hyoid suspension for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery·2011
Same author

Efficient and selective photodimerization of 2-naphthalenecarbonitrile mediated by cucurbit[8]uril in an aqueous solution.

Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·2011
Same author

Quality assurance and quality improvement in U.S. clinical molecular genetic laboratories.

Current protocols in human genetics·2011

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

A Simple Approach to Manipulate Dissolved Oxygen for Animal Behavior Observations
06:20

A Simple Approach to Manipulate Dissolved Oxygen for Animal Behavior Observations

Published on: June 28, 2016

9.7K

Density functional and experimental study of NO/O2 on zigzag char.

Jun Shen1, Hai Zhang2, Jiaxun Liu2

  • 1School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering and Science, Shanghai 201620, China.

Journal of Environmental Sciences (China)
|December 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals how oxygen influences coal char surface chemistry during staged combustion. A specific reaction pathway traps nitrogen, effectively inhibiting nitrogen oxide (NO) emissions.

Keywords:
Char nitrogenCoal combustionDFT studyHeterogeneous reductionNitrogen oxide

More Related Videos

Creating Rapid Oxygen Oscillations in Microbial Single-cell Growth Analysis using a Microfluidic Double-layer Device
08:28

Creating Rapid Oxygen Oscillations in Microbial Single-cell Growth Analysis using a Microfluidic Double-layer Device

Published on: July 18, 2025

449
The Benthic Exchange of O2, N2 and Dissolved Nutrients Using Small Core Incubations
10:11

The Benthic Exchange of O2, N2 and Dissolved Nutrients Using Small Core Incubations

Published on: August 3, 2016

10.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 1, 2026

A Simple Approach to Manipulate Dissolved Oxygen for Animal Behavior Observations
06:20

A Simple Approach to Manipulate Dissolved Oxygen for Animal Behavior Observations

Published on: June 28, 2016

9.7K
Creating Rapid Oxygen Oscillations in Microbial Single-cell Growth Analysis using a Microfluidic Double-layer Device
08:28

Creating Rapid Oxygen Oscillations in Microbial Single-cell Growth Analysis using a Microfluidic Double-layer Device

Published on: July 18, 2025

449
The Benthic Exchange of O2, N2 and Dissolved Nutrients Using Small Core Incubations
10:11

The Benthic Exchange of O2, N2 and Dissolved Nutrients Using Small Core Incubations

Published on: August 3, 2016

10.3K

Area of Science:

  • Combustion Chemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Controlling nitrogen oxide (NO) emissions is crucial for environmental protection.
  • Coal char combustion involves complex surface reactions influenced by the combustion environment.
  • Multi-air-staged combustion is a technique explored for emission control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of oxygen on coal char surface chemistry during multi-air-staged combustion.
  • To elucidate the reaction pathway responsible for inhibiting nitrogen oxide formation.
  • To correlate quantum chemistry computations with experimental observations.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to model reaction pathways.
  • Experimental multi-air-staged combustion was conducted.
  • Surface chemistry and gas-phase products were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Oxygen significantly alters coal char surface chemistry.
  • A reaction pathway involving ring-opening, NO adsorption, and ring-closure was identified.
  • This pathway effectively traps nitrogen within the char structure, inhibiting NO formation.
  • Experimental data showed O2/NO consumption correlated with increased CO2 concentration.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed reaction mechanism provides a fundamental understanding of NO emission control in staged combustion.
  • Quantum chemistry computations accurately predict experimental trends in multi-air-staged combustion.
  • This research offers insights into optimizing combustion processes for reduced environmental impact.