Retinoblastoma: the Saudi Arabian experience.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pediatric Oncology
• Medical Research

Background:

• Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children.
• Understanding regional variations in retinoblastoma presentation and outcomes is essential for targeted interventions.
• This study addresses a gap in data from Saudi Arabia regarding retinoblastoma epidemiology and treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival rates of retinoblastoma patients in Saudi Arabia.
• To compare Saudi Arabian retinoblastoma outcomes with international data.
• To emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary care and public education for retinoblastoma management.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 74 retinoblastoma cases diagnosed between March 1983 and May 1987.
• Data collection included patient demographics, age at diagnosis, symptom duration, treatment interventions, and survival status.
• Statistical analysis of epidemiological and clinical data.

Main Results:

• A total of 74 cases were evaluated, with 60% being unilateral and a 59.4% female preponderance.
• The mean age at diagnosis was 22 months, with diagnostic delays ranging from 2 days to 36 months.
• Two-year survival rate was 80%, comparable to Western reports, with enucleation, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy being primary treatments.

Conclusions:

• Retinoblastoma management in Saudi Arabia yields survival rates comparable to international standards.
• Multidisciplinary team management and public awareness initiatives are critical for optimizing patient care and outcomes.
• Addressing diagnostic delays remains a key challenge in improving retinoblastoma treatment efficacy.