Glycated hemoglobin predicts coronary artery disease in non-diabetic adults
Mohammed Ewid1,2, Hossam Sherif3,4, Syed Muhammad Baqui Billah3
1College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, P.O. Box 777, Al Bukayriah, Qassim 51941, Saudi Arabia. drmohammedowid@yahoo.com.
Insights
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can predict coronary artery disease (CAD) in non-diabetic individuals. This study in Saudi Arabia found HbA1c correlates with coronary artery stenosis, suggesting its use as a biomarker.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading global cause of death.
- Saudi Arabia faces increasing CAD risk factors, necessitating novel predictive biomarkers.
- Low-risk, non-diabetic populations require specific risk assessment tools.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a predictive biomarker for CAD.
- To assess HbA1c's correlation with coronary artery stenosis (CAS) in low-risk, non-diabetic patients.
- To investigate CAD prediction in the Al Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 38 non-diabetic patients without prior CAD.
- HbA1c measured using National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program parameters.
- Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) used to quantify coronary artery stenosis (CAS).
Main Results:
- A moderate correlation was observed between HbA1c levels and CAS percentages (r=0.47, p<0.05).
- HbA1c showed a stronger correlation with the number of affected coronary vessels (r=0.53, p<0.001).
- Patients exhibited varying degrees of stenosis, with 47.4% showing no significant CAS.
Conclusions:
- Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) demonstrates potential as a predictive biomarker for CAD.
- HbA1c can aid in identifying coronary artery disease risk in non-diabetic, low-risk individuals.
- This finding supports HbA1c's utility in cardiovascular risk stratification.
Background:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to increased CAD risk factors in Saudi Arabia, research on more feasible and predictive biomarkers is needed. We aimed to evaluate glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a predictor of CAD in low-risk profile non-diabetic patients living in the Al Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
Thirty-eight patients with no history of CAD were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. They provided demographic data, and their HbA1c estimation followed the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program parameters. All patients underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for evaluation of chest pain. The extent of coronary artery stenosis (CAS) was quantified as percentage for each patient based on plaques detected in CCTA.
Results:
Mean blood pressure of the patients was (91.2 ± 11.9 mmHg), BMI (28.3 ± 5.8 kg/m2), serum cholesterol level (174 ± 33.1 mg/dl), and HbA1c levels (mean 5.7 ± 0.45, median 5.7 and range 4.7-6.4%). Eighteen patients showed no CAS (47.4%), 12 showed minimal stenosis (31.6%), 3 showed mild stenosis (7.9%), 3 showed moderate stenosis (7.9%) and 2 showed severe stenosis (5.3%). A moderate correlation was detected between HbA1c and CAS percentages (r = 0.47, p < 0.05) as well as between HbA1c and the number of affected coronary vessels (r = 0.53, p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Glycated hemoglobin can be used as a predictive biomarker for CAD in non-diabetic low-risk patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
01:30Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
01:26Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures
01:21Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...