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Children 'At Risk' of Developing Specific Learning Disability in Primary Schools.
Sri Lakshmi Chordia1, Kanimozhi Thandapani2, Arulkumaran Arunagirinathan1
1Department of Pediatrics, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, 605107, India.
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|December 23, 2019
Summary
Specific learning disability (SLD) affects 7.5% of children aged 5-7 years, with higher prevalence in boys and government schools. Early detection through universal screening is crucial for timely intervention.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Educational Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Specific Learning Disability (SLD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder impacting academic skills.
- Early identification and intervention are critical for improving outcomes in children with SLD.
- Lack of awareness among educators and parents contributes to underdiagnosis of SLD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of children at risk for SLD among 5-7 year olds.
- To analyze socio-demographic risk factors associated with SLD in this age group.
Main Methods:
- A school-based, three-phase cross-sectional study involving 480 children aged 5-7 years in Puducherry.
- Phase I: Screening using the Specific Learning Disability - Screening Questionnaire (SLD-SQ).
- Phase II: Exclusion of students with vision/hearing impairment or low IQ. Phase III: Assessment using the NIMHANS SLD index.
Main Results:
- Overall, 7.5% of students were identified with SLD.
- Boys (9.6%) showed a higher prevalence than girls (4.9%).
- Students in government schools (12.1%) had a significantly higher risk compared to private schools (2.2%).
Conclusions:
- SLD is highly prevalent and often undiagnosed due to insufficient awareness.
- Mandatory universal screening programs are recommended for early detection.
- Accessible, affordable remedial teaching centers are essential for effective intervention.
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