Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 1, 2026
10:46
Mechanical Stimulation-induced Calcium Wave Propagation in Cell Monolayers: The Example of Bovine Corneal Endothelial Cells
Published on: July 16, 2013
16.6K
Endothelial Cell Calcium Signaling during Barrier Function and Inflammation
Prarthana J Dalal1, William A Muller1, David P Sullivan1
1Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
The American Journal of Pathology
|December 24, 2019
Summary
Calcium signaling in endothelial cells is crucial for barrier function and inflammation. Increased intracellular calcium disrupts cell junctions, increasing permeability and facilitating leukocyte interactions during inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Endothelial Cell Biology
- Calcium Signaling
- Inflammation Research
Background:
- Calcium (Ca2+) acts as a vital second messenger in endothelial cells.
- It regulates key physiological processes like cell migration, angiogenesis, barrier function, and inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of calcium signaling pathways in endothelial cells.
- Focus on their impact on endothelial barrier function and inflammation facilitation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on calcium signaling in endothelial cells.
- Analysis of inflammatory mediator effects on endothelial calcium levels and function.
Main Results:
- Increased intracellular Ca2+ triggers diverse signaling pathways.
- Inflammatory mediators (thrombin, histamine) elevate Ca2+, causing adherens junction disassembly and cell retraction.
- Endothelial Ca2+ entry facilitates leukocyte rolling, adhesion, and transendothelial migration.
Conclusions:
- Calcium signaling is essential for endothelial barrier integrity.
- Dysregulated calcium pathways contribute to inflammatory processes and leukocyte recruitment.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:27Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration
3.8K
Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
3.8K
01:16Calmodulin-dependent Signaling
5.9K
Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
5.9K
01:24Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
3.3K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.3K
01:22Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.6K
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
2.6K
01:17Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
3.4K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
3.4K
01:24Adherens Junctions
6.0K
Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
6.0K