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Pericytes: Problems and Promises for CNS Repair

Fabio Laredo1,2, Julia Plebanski1, Andrea Tedeschi1,3

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
|December 24, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pericytes, crucial cells in microcirculation, are implicated in organ damage and diseases. Manipulating pericyte behavior offers therapeutic potential for central nervous system (CNS) repair and axon regeneration.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative medicine

Background:

  • Microvascular complications cause progressive organ damage.
  • Pericytes regulate microcirculation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) function, and homeostasis.
  • Pericytes are increasingly recognized for their role in various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of pericytes in health and disease.
  • To explore pericyte involvement in angiogenesis, BBB function, neuroinflammation, fibrosis, and neurodegeneration.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting pericytes for CNS repair and axon regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pericyte function and disease involvement.
  • Analysis of pericyte roles in specific physiological and pathological processes.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on pericyte-targeted therapies.

Main Results:

  • Pericytes are vital for microvascular integrity and function.
  • Dysfunctional pericytes contribute to BBB breakdown, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration.
  • Pericytes influence fibrosis and hinder axon regeneration after CNS injury.
  • Evidence suggests pericytes are key players in microvascular complications.

Conclusions:

  • Pericytes are critical regulators of CNS homeostasis and repair.
  • Targeting pericyte behavior presents promising therapeutic avenues for neurological disorders.
  • Further research into pericyte manipulation is essential for advancing CNS regenerative strategies.

Keywords:
angiogenesisaxon regenerationblood brain barrier (BBB)fibrotic scarneurodegenerative diseasesneurovascular inflammationpericyte

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