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Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration
Published on: February 10, 2012
The Role of Compensation in Nicotine Reduction
Neal L Benowitz1, Eric C Donny2, Kathryn C Edwards3
1Clinical Pharmacology Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.
Abstract:
The available research on switching from normal nicotine to very low nicotine content cigarettes shows minimal evidence of compensatory smoking. Mathematical estimations suggest that substantial compensation after switching to very low nicotine cigarettes would be impossible. It is likely that smokers who are unable to tolerate the extent of proposed nicotine reduction would switch to other sources of nicotine, rather than try to compensate by smoking more very low nicotine content cigarettes more intensely.
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