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Area of Science:

  • Aquaculture technology
  • Environmental monitoring
  • Integrated circuit design

Background:

  • Aquaculture is the fastest-growing food sector, but water pollution causes significant fish loss.
  • Effective water quality monitoring is crucial for sustainable aquaculture and food security.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a compact, integrated Internet of Things (IoT) system for real-time water and air quality monitoring in fish farming ponds.
  • To enhance food security by mitigating fish death caused by water pollution.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a cubic multidimensional integrated circuit (MD-IC) using bifacial thin-film devices and through-silicon-vias.
  • Integration of sensors (temperature, electrical conductivity, ammonia, pH), solar cells, antenna, data management circuitry, and a solid-state battery.
  • Utilized microfluidic cooling and biofriendly polymeric encapsulation for thermal management and waterproofing.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a small, lightweight, and easily deployable IoT system for farmers.
  • The system enables simultaneous monitoring of air and water quality parameters.
  • The device is solar-powered, waterproof, robust, and floats on water.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MD-IC system offers a practical solution for improving water and food security in aquaculture.
  • This technology can significantly reduce financial losses in fish farming due to pollution-related fish mortality.
  • The system's ease of use and integrated features make it suitable for widespread adoption by farmers.