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Designer nanocarriers for navigating the systemic delivery of oncolytic viruses

Faith Howard1, Munitta Muthana1

  • 1University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.

Nanomedicine (London, England)
|December 24, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Nanotechnology offers new nanoparticle (NP) carrier systems to improve oncolytic virotherapy delivery. Optimizing NP-virus complex pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is key for enhanced cancer treatment efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanomedicine
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy faces challenges in systemic administration, immune response, and targeted cell entry.
  • Nanoparticle (NP) delivery systems show promise but require optimization for effective oncolytic virus transport.
  • Current strategies often focus on virus or ligand modification, with limited success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review optimal nanoparticle (NP) design for oncolytic virus delivery.
  • To evaluate if NP-virus complex pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics are more critical than virus/ligand targeting.
  • To enhance the efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy through advanced nanocarrier strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of NP design principles for drug delivery.
  • Analysis of NP behavior in circulatory longevity, tissue permeation, and cellular interaction phases.
  • Evaluation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of NP-oncolytic virus complexes.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticle design significantly impacts delivery phases: circulation, tissue penetration, and cellular uptake.
  • Optimizing NP characteristics is crucial for overcoming barriers to systemic oncolytic virus administration.
  • Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of NP-virus complexes are central to therapeutic success.

Conclusions:

  • Improved oncolytic virotherapy efficacy may depend more on NP-virus complex characteristics than on virus/ligand targeting.
  • Nanotechnology-based carrier systems are vital for advancing systemic oncolytic virotherapy.
  • Further research into NP design and NP-virus complex behavior is warranted for clinical translation.
Keywords:
immunotherapymagnetic guidancenanomedicinenanoparticlesnanotargetingoncolytic virotherapy

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