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Noncoercive human intelligence gathering.

Coral J Dando1, Thomas C Ormerod2

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Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
|December 24, 2019
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Controlled Cognitive Engagement (CCE) and moral framing significantly improve intelligence gathering. These noncoercive methods yield more information than the Modified Cognitive Interview (MCI), offering effective alternatives to unethical practices.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Intelligence Studies
  • Forensic Interviewing

Background:

  • Coercive interrogation methods are recognized as unethical and ineffective for intelligence gathering.
  • There is a lack of empirical evidence supporting effective noncoercive alternatives in intelligence contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of two noncoercive interview techniques: Modified Cognitive Interview (MCI) and Controlled Cognitive Engagement (CCE).
  • To evaluate the impact of incorporating a moral frame to encourage information sharing.
  • To determine if these methods enhance intelligence gain compared to traditional approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Participants experienced a simulated event and were incentivized to withhold information.
  • Two noncoercive interview methods (MCI and CCE) were adapted for intelligence gathering.
  • A moral frame was introduced to encourage conscious consideration of sharing intelligence.

Main Results:

  • Controlled Cognitive Engagement (CCE) yielded significantly more target information than Modified Cognitive Interview (MCI) (67% vs. 36%).
  • Employing a moral frame also increased the frequency of obtaining target information (65% vs. 39%).
  • The effects of the interview method and moral framing were additive, not interactive.

Conclusions:

  • Combining noncoercive interview methods, specifically CCE, with moral framing is an effective strategy for enhancing intelligence acquisition.
  • These findings provide empirical support for ethical and productive alternatives to coercive intelligence-gathering tactics.
  • The additive nature of these interventions suggests a robust approach to improving information yield in sensitive contexts.