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Hematologic bone marrow disorders: quantitative chemical shift MR imaging.

B R Rosen1, D M Fleming, D C Kushner

  • 1Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.

Radiology
|December 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Proton chemical shift imaging accurately quantifies bone marrow fat fraction, distinguishing leukemia and aplastic anemia from healthy states. This technique offers improved diagnostic discrimination over conventional MRI methods.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Quantitative MRI
  • Bone Marrow Imaging

Background:

  • Conventional MRI (SE) shows changes in bone marrow disorders.
  • The underlying cause of these changes, particularly alterations in fat content, is not always clear.
  • Quantitative MRI techniques may offer more specific diagnostic information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate proton chemical shift imaging for quantitative assessment of bone marrow fat fraction.
  • To determine if fat fraction measurements can differentiate between healthy volunteers and patients with leukemia or aplastic anemia.
  • To compare the diagnostic performance of chemical shift imaging with conventional SE techniques.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo studies of lumbar spine bone marrow using a 0.6-T MR imager.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Proton chemical shift imaging techniques were employed.
  • Comparison between healthy volunteers (n=6) and patients with leukemia or aplastic anemia (n=10).

    • Main Results:

    • Chemical shift imaging demonstrated high reproducibility for fat fraction (5%) and T1 of water (6%).
    • Fat fraction changes were identified as a primary cause for observed differences in conventional SE images.
    • Fat fraction determined by chemical shift imaging was the best discriminator between healthy and pathologic bone marrow.
    • A rapid two-point fat fraction estimation protocol showed comparable diagnostic performance to full quantitative analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • Proton chemical shift imaging provides a reproducible quantitative measure of bone marrow fat fraction.
    • This technique effectively differentiates between healthy bone marrow and that affected by leukemia or aplastic anemia.
    • Chemical shift imaging, particularly rapid fat fraction estimation, offers superior diagnostic discrimination compared to conventional SE MRI.