Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

FDA Approved Drugs: Changes to Approved Drugs01:26

FDA Approved Drugs: Changes to Approved Drugs

163
Post-approval, manufacturers may modify an approved new or generic drug product. Such modifications can encompass alterations in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API), manufacturing process, formulation, batch size, manufacturing site, and container closure system (FDA Guidance for Industry, April 2004). Often, a drug product may undergo multiple changes.These modifications require careful evaluation to determine their potential impact on the drug product's identity, strength, quality,...
163
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

858
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
858
Bioequivalence studies: Biowaivers01:13

Bioequivalence studies: Biowaivers

181
Body:In certain scenarios, in vitro dissolution tests can replace in vivo bioequivalence studies. This is particularly true when a drug product, though available in varying strengths, maintains proportional similarity in its active and inactive ingredients. In such cases, the need for in vivo bioequivalence studies for lower strength variants may be waived, provided dissolution tests and in vivo studies on the highest strength yield satisfactory results.Bioequivalence can be indicated through...
181
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

756
Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
756
Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:22

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

151
Generic intravenous (IV) drugs are considered bioequivalent to their branded counterparts due to their 100% bioavailability upon administration. However, variations in stability among different drug products can significantly influence their therapeutic performance, even if they are pharmaceutically equivalent.Cefuroxime, a prophylactic antimicrobial, is often used as a single-dose IV injection for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. A 3 g dose typically provides...
151
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

564
Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
564

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Colonoscopic and oral microbiota transplant therapy yield similar stool and neoterminal ileal engraftment profiles in a single-blind pilot randomized trial.

Inflammatory bowel diseases·2026
Same author

Cost-effectiveness of Commercial or Traditional Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2026
Same author

Cohesive modules of engraftment in fecal microbiota transplantation.

iScience·2026
Same author

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Rapidly Reduces Systemic Inflammation and Resolves Clostridioides difficile Pseudomembranous Colitis.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·2026
Same author

Proximity-ligation metagenomics reveals disease-specific mobilome dynamics in disrupted gut ecosystems.

Research square·2026
Same author

Contribution of Common Sulfur-Containing Substrates to Hydrogen Sulfide Production By Human Gut Microbiota Using an <i>In Vitro</i> Model Standardized For Bacterial Counts.

Gut microbes reports·2026
Same journal

ASTCT Notes.

Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation·2021
Same journal

ASTCT Notes.

Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation·2021
Same journal

End of headings.

Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation·2021
Same journal

ASTCT Notes.

Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation·2021
Same journal

Improving Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in the Elderly: Can We Finally Start to Impact Nonrelapse Mortality?

Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation·2020
Same journal

Cardiovascular Events Associated with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy: Cross-Sectional FDA Adverse Events Reporting System Analysis.

Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation·2020
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Antibiotic Efficacy Testing in an Ex vivo Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung
09:26

Antibiotic Efficacy Testing in an Ex vivo Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

Published on: January 22, 2021

7.5K

Levaquin Gets a Pass.

Armin Rashidi1, Thomas Kaiser2, Shernan G Holtan1

  • 1Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation : Journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
|December 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Levofloxacin (LEVO) showed a mild effect on gut microbiota during intensive chemotherapy and stem cell transplant. The antibiotic minimally altered specific bacterial populations, with other microbes and diversity remaining largely unchanged.

Keywords:
DysbiosisLeukemiaLevofloxacinMicrobiotaTransplantation

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Scalable Drug Screening Protocol for Efficient Discovery of M. abscessus Treatments
07:50

Author Spotlight: Scalable Drug Screening Protocol for Efficient Discovery of M. abscessus Treatments

Published on: October 25, 2024

2.2K
Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
11:17

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

13.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Antibiotic Efficacy Testing in an Ex vivo Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung
09:26

Antibiotic Efficacy Testing in an Ex vivo Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung

Published on: January 22, 2021

7.5K
Author Spotlight: Scalable Drug Screening Protocol for Efficient Discovery of M. abscessus Treatments
07:50

Author Spotlight: Scalable Drug Screening Protocol for Efficient Discovery of M. abscessus Treatments

Published on: October 25, 2024

2.2K
Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
11:17

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

13.3K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis is linked to adverse outcomes in intensive therapy.
  • Levofloxacin (LEVO) is a common prophylactic antibiotic in chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of levofloxacin on the gut microbiota in patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy or allo-HCT.
  • To compare gut microbial composition during LEVO exposure versus no antibiotic exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Studied two patient cohorts: 20 acute leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy and 20 allo-HCT recipients.
  • Collected thrice-weekly stool samples for 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • Utilized mixed-effects modeling to analyze changes in microbial composition.

Main Results:

  • Levofloxacin significantly altered the relative abundance of Parabacteroides and Blautia.
  • No significant impact was observed on other bacterial taxa or overall microbiota diversity.
  • The overall effect of LEVO on the gut microbiota was determined to be mild.

Conclusions:

  • Levofloxacin has a limited impact on gut microbiota composition in patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy and allo-HCT.
  • The observed changes in Parabacteroides and Blautia warrant further investigation in the context of clinical outcomes.