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Updated: Jan 1, 2026
Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
Published on: March 20, 2020
Personalized treatment in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: The outlook in 2020
Hamdy A Azim1,2, Marwan Ghosn3, Karima Oualla4
1Clinical Oncology Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Abstract:
Compared with other breast cancer subtypes, patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and irrespective to their disease stage, were always recognized to have the worst overall survival data. Although this does not seem different at the present time, yet the last few years have witnessed many breakthrough genomic and molecular findings, that could dramatically improve our understanding of the biological complexity of TNBC. Based on genomic analyses, it was consistently evident that TNBC comprises a heterogeneous group of cancers, which have numerous diverse molecular aberrations. This-in return-has provided a platform for a new generation of clinical trials using many innovative therapies, directed against such novel targets. At the present time, two PARP inhibitors and one anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody (in combination with chemotherapy) have been approved in certain subpopulations of metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) patients, which have finally brought this disease into the era of personalized medicine. In the current review, we will explore the genomic landscape of TNBC, through which many actionable targets were graduated. We will also discuss the results of the key-practice changing-clinical studies, and some upcoming personalized treatment options for patients with mTNBC, that may be clinically adopted in the near future.
Insights
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has poor survival, but genomic discoveries reveal its complexity. Targeted therapies and personalized medicine are improving outcomes for metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) patients.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genomics
- Translational Medicine
Background:
- Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with significantly worse overall survival compared to other breast cancer subtypes.
- Despite challenges, recent genomic and molecular findings have elucidated the biological complexity of TNBC.
- TNBC is recognized as a heterogeneous group of cancers with diverse molecular aberrations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the genomic landscape of TNBC and identify actionable targets.
- To discuss key clinical studies that have changed practice in TNBC treatment.
- To review upcoming personalized treatment options for metastatic TNBC (mTNBC).
Main Methods:
- Genomic analyses to characterize the heterogeneity of TNBC.
- Review of clinical trial data for novel therapies targeting identified molecular aberrations.
- Examination of approved and emerging treatments for mTNBC.
Main Results:
- Genomic analyses confirm TNBC's heterogeneity with numerous molecular aberrations.
- Two PARP inhibitors and one anti-PD-L1 antibody (with chemotherapy) are approved for specific mTNBC subpopulations.
- These advancements mark the beginning of personalized medicine for TNBC.
Conclusions:
- Understanding TNBC's genomic landscape is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
- Innovative therapies and personalized medicine approaches are transforming mTNBC treatment.
- Future clinical adoption of novel personalized treatment options is anticipated for mTNBC patients.
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