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Bridging the gap: Using 3D printed polycaprolactone implants to reconstruct circumferential tracheal defects in
David S Chan1, Nathalie Gabra1, Ayesha Baig2
1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
The Laryngoscope
|December 25, 2019
Summary
This study found that 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) tracheal implants can reconstruct defects in rabbits short-term. However, significant granulation tissue formation limits long-term success, requiring further research.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Surgical Innovation
Background:
- Tracheal defects pose significant reconstructive challenges.
- 3D printing offers potential for custom implantable devices.
- Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biocompatible polymer for medical applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the feasibility of using a 3D printed PCL implant for 2-cm tracheal defect reconstruction in rabbits.
- To evaluate the endoscopic, histologic, and functional outcomes of PCL tracheal implants over time.
Main Methods:
- A 2-cm circumferential tracheal defect was created in ten New Zealand rabbits.
- The defect was reconstructed using a custom 3D printed PCL tracheal implant.
- Animals were sacrificed at various time points (0-7 weeks) for bronchoscopy and histological analysis.
Main Results:
- All rabbits experienced significant airway stenosis (average 92.3%) due to granulation tissue formation.
- Histology revealed granulation tissue with neovascularization and inflammation.
- Re-epithelialization was observed at the implant edges but not centrally.
Conclusions:
- 3D printed PCL tracheal implants are feasible for short-term reconstruction of 2-cm defects in rabbits.
- Extensive granulation tissue formation is a major limitation for long-term implant survival.
- Further research is needed to mitigate granulation tissue overgrowth for improved outcomes.
