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Related Concept Videos

Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

914
Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff...
914
Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

1.2K
Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
1.2K
Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines01:21

Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines

377
Consider a single-phase, two-wire, lossless transmission line terminated by an impedance at the receiving end and a source with Thevenin voltage and impedance at the sending end. The line, with length, has a surge impedance and wave velocity determined by the line's inductance and capacitance.
At the receiving end, the boundary condition states that the voltage equals the product of the receiving-end impedance and current. This relationship is expressed as a function of the incident and...
377
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

1.4K
A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
1.4K
Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

2.8K
When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
2.8K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor
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Transmission filter controlled by incident conditions in single-layer waveguide grating structures.

Lina Fan, Kehui Jia, Junshan Ma

    Applied Optics
    |December 25, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study demonstrates a novel method to convert reflection filters into transmission filters by adjusting incident light conditions, not structural parameters. This approach achieves high transmission efficiency at specific wavelengths using waveguide gratings.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Single-layer waveguide gratings are typically designed as reflection filters under specific azimuthal angle conditions (0°).
    • Conventional filter design relies on modifying structural parameters to achieve desired optical properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a new method for achieving transmission filters by modulating incident conditions.
    • To demonstrate the conversion of a classical reflection filter into a transmission filter without altering its structure.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a single-layer waveguide grating structure.
    • Modulating incident light conditions, specifically azimuthal angle (90°) and incident angle (86°).
    • Numerical simulations to analyze the optical response.

    Main Results:

    • A high transmission peak was achieved at 1550 nm with a linewidth of 7.2 nm.
    • The transmission peak exhibited nearly 100% transmittance.
    • The proposed method effectively reversed the function of a classical reflection filter.

    Conclusions:

    • Modulating incident conditions is an effective alternative to optimizing structural parameters for filter design.
    • This technique offers a versatile approach to reconfigure waveguide grating filters.
    • The findings pave the way for dynamic optical filtering applications.