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Updated: Jan 1, 2026

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Fractional vortex ultrashort pulsed beams with modulating vortex strength.

Mengdi Luo, Zhaoying Wang

    Optics Express
    |December 25, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Fractional vortex ultrashort pulsed beams (FVUPBs) exhibit propagation-distance-dependent vortex structures. Their total vortex strength decreases along the propagation axis, unlike continuous beams.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Beam Propagation

    Background:

    • Fractional vortex continuous beams (FVCBs) often lack analysis of total vortex strength (Sα) versus propagation distance due to unstable near-field vortex structures.
    • Understanding vortex dynamics in pulsed beams is crucial for advanced optical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically investigate the propagation-dependent vortex structure of fractional vortex ultrashort pulsed beams (FVUPBs).
    • To analyze the behavior of total vortex strength (TVS) and its relation to topological charges in FVUPBs.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of FVUPBs with non-integer topological charges (α) at arbitrary planes.
    • Calculation of intensity and phase distributions to characterize vortex structure.
    • Focus on total vortex strength (TVS) to evaluate propagation properties.

    Main Results:

    • FVUPBs exhibit propagation-distance-dependent vortex structures.
    • The birth of a vortex is observed at α = m + ɛ, where m is an integer and ɛ depends on pulse parameters and propagation distance.
    • FVUPBs show a decreasing TVS along the propagation axis in free space.
    • This phenomenon arises from the mixture of vortex pulsed beams with different integer topological charges (TCs).

    Conclusions:

    • The vortex structure of FVUPBs is intrinsically linked to propagation distance.
    • FVUPBs possess unique propagation characteristics, including decreasing TVS, distinct from FVCBs.
    • While TVS changes, the total orbital angular momentum remains invariant during propagation.

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