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[Bacteriologic profile and drug resistance in children with respiratory infection from 2016 to 2018]
Qian-Yu Wang1, Cong-Rong Li, Jing Guo
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China. congrongLi33@hotmail.com.
Insights
This study analyzed pediatric respiratory infections, identifying common bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Drug resistance patterns highlight the need for targeted antibiotic selection based on sensitivity testing.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Respiratory infections are a significant cause of childhood illness.
- Understanding the causative pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the bacteriologic profile of pediatric respiratory infections.
- To determine the drug resistance patterns of common respiratory pathogens in children.
- To inform etiological diagnosis and guide the rational use of antimicrobial agents.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 15,047 children with respiratory infections (January 2016 - December 2018).
- Sputum samples analyzed using the Phoenix-100 automatic microbial identification system.
- Identification and drug sensitivity analysis of isolated pathogenic bacteria.
Main Results:
- A 13.95% positive rate was observed in 17,174 sputum samples, yielding 2,584 bacterial strains.
- Haemophilus influenzae (33.90%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (33.55%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (19.20%) were the most prevalent pathogens.
- Mixed infections were common, particularly involving Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pathogen detection varied by season and age, peaking in infants.
- Significant antimicrobial resistance was noted for certain pathogens, while others showed high sensitivity to specific antibiotics (e.g., vancomycin for S. pneumoniae and S. aureus).
Conclusions:
- Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are key pathogens in pediatric respiratory infections.
- Mixed infections are frequent, and pathogen prevalence is influenced by season and age.
- Tailoring antibiotic therapy based on antibiogram data is essential for managing pediatric respiratory infections effectively.
Objective:
To study the bacteriologic profile and drug resistance of respiratory infection in children, and to provide a basis for etiological diagnosis and rational use of antimicrobial agents.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis was performed for 15 047 children who attended the hospital due to respiratory infection from January 2016 to December 2018. Their sputum samples were collected, and the Phoenix-100 automatic microbial identification system was used for the identification and drug sensitivity analysis of the isolated pathogenic bacteria.
Results:
Of all 17 174 sputum samples detected, there were 2 395 positive samples, with a positive rate of 13.95%; a total of 2 584 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, among which there were 1 577 (61.03%) Gram-negative strains, 967 (37.42%) Gram-positive strains, and 40 (1.55%) fungal strains. The most common pathogen was Haemophilus influenzae (33.90%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (33.55%), Moraxella catarrhalis (19.20%), and Staphylococcus aureus (3.64%). Among the 2 331 children with positive infection, 251 had mixed infection, most commonly with Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was higher in winter and spring and lower in summer and autumn. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria between different age groups (P<0.05), with the highest detection rate in infants aged 1 month to <1 year. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus had a sensitivity rate of 100% to vancomycin, linezolid, and teicoplanin, and Haemophilus influenzae had a lower sensitivity rate to ampicillin, compound sulfamethoxazole and cefuroxime and a higher sensitivity rate to other drugs.
Conclusions:
Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the main pathogenic bacteria of respiratory infection in children, and mixed infection is the most common type of infection. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria varies across seasons and ages. Different pathogenic bacteria have different features of drug resistance, and antibiotics should be selected based on drug sensitivity results.
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